Understanding Felony Charges in Nassau County

Felonies are the most serious category of criminal offenses in New York. They carry potential sentences of more than one year in state prison and are classified from Class A (most serious) to Class E (least severe). Common felony charges include:

• Drug trafficking or felony-level drug possession
• Burglary or robbery
• Grand larceny
• Assault causing serious injury
• Certain weapons offenses

A felony charge can have life-changing consequences, including prison time, probation, significant fines, and a permanent criminal record. Because of the severity of these cases, the legal process is more complex than misdemeanor proceedings.

Step 1: Arrest and Initial Arraignment

A felony case typically begins with an arrest. After being taken into custody, the individual is brought before a judge in Nassau County District Court for arraignment.

At this first appearance:

• The charges are formally announced.
• The judge considers bail or release conditions.
• The defense attorney may argue for release.

Bail decisions are critical in felony cases. Early legal advocacy can influence whether a person remains in custody or is released while the case is pending.

Step 2: The Grand Jury Process

Unlike misdemeanors, most felony cases in New York must be presented to a grand jury. The grand jury determines whether there is enough evidence to formally charge the defendant with a felony.

During this stage:

• The prosecutor presents evidence and witness testimony.
• The defense may request that the defendant testify (though this must be carefully considered).
• The grand jury decides whether to issue an indictment.

If the grand jury votes to indict, the case moves forward in Nassau County Supreme Court. If not, the charges may be reduced or dismissed.

Step 3: Supreme Court Arraignment and Pretrial Proceedings

After indictment, the defendant appears in Nassau County Supreme Court for arraignment on the indictment. The case then enters the pretrial phase.

This stage may include:

• Discovery exchange: Review of police reports, forensic evidence, and witness statements.
• Pretrial motions: Challenges to searches, statements, or identification procedures.
• Hearings: The court may evaluate whether certain evidence can be used at trial.

Effective motion practice can significantly impact the strength of the prosecution’s case.

Step 4: Plea Negotiations or Trial

Many felony cases are resolved through negotiated agreements. Possible outcomes may include:

• Reduction to a lesser charge
• Agreed-upon sentencing terms
• Participation in treatment or diversion programs (when eligible)

If no resolution is reached, the case proceeds to trial. In felony trials:

• A jury determines guilt or innocence.
• The prosecution must prove the charges beyond a reasonable doubt.
• The defense challenges evidence and presents its case.

A not guilty verdict results in dismissal of the charges.

Sentencing and Long-Term Consequences

If convicted of a felony, potential penalties may include:

• State prison
• Probation supervision
• Post-release supervision
• Significant fines and mandatory surcharges

A felony conviction can affect employment opportunities, professional licenses, housing, and immigration status. The stakes are high, and each stage of the process requires careful legal strategy.

Steady Guidance Through a Serious Process

Facing a felony charge in Nassau County can be overwhelming for both individuals and their families. Experienced legal representation ensures that rights are protected from the very beginning, that every available defense is explored, and that the strongest possible path forward is pursued.

With knowledgeable and strategic advocacy, it is possible to navigate even the most serious charges with clarity, preparation, and a focus on achieving the best attainable outcome.